1. Shahada
2. Salah
The second pillar is the duty of every Muslim to pray five times at specific times throughout the day and night. These prayers happen at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and night. Before each Salah (prayer), a process called Wudu is gone through. Wudu is the cleaning of parts of the body with water. During prayer, a process called Rak'a is repeated several times. Rak'a is the process of standing, bowing, prostrating, and then sitting. It is advised to practice Salah in a masjid (mosque), but it can be practiced anywhere except the bathroom.
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3. Siyam
The third pillar is fasting during the month of Ramadan. The month of Ramadan varies every year and depends on the lunar calendar. Ramadan is during the ninth month of the lunar calendar. The fasting of Ramadan happens from sunrise to sunset and involves the fasting from all forms of food, water, smoking, intimate relations, bad behaviors such as anger, and putting anything n the body. Special cases such as sick, pregnant, children, and travelers are exempt but for all except the children, the time must be made up when able.
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4. Zakah
5. Hajj
The fifth pillar is a pilgrimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia. This is required only once of a Muslim and only if they are financially and physically able. Majj is a spiritual journey and the Muslim on the journey must forget all worldly things and devote everything to Allah.
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